This project, commissioned by the Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL) and conducted by FutureWater, concerns a systematic literature review of the strengths and limitations of the water footprint concept.
The water footprint is commonly defined as the total volume of freshwater consumed and polluted at various levels (e.g., national, corporate, or product levels). Water footprints have proven useful in identifying areas of unsustainable water use, and can guide policy decisions aimed at reducing water stress. They are an effective tool for raising awareness among consumers, producers, and policymakers about the environmental impacts of water use. They can also support strategies for redistributing water resources through virtual water trade. This literature review aims to assess the capabilities and challenges associated with the application of water footprint methodologies in different contexts, with a focus on their role in sustainable water management. Future research and development should focus on addressing the identified challenges to enhance the utility of the water footprint concept for consumers, producers and policy makers.
Related publications
2024 - FutureWater Technical Report
Simons, G.W.H., E. Aparicio. 2024. Strengths and Limitations of Water Footprints: a Literature Review. FutureWater Technical Report 260.X
Strengths and Limitations of Water Footprints: a Literature Review
Simons, G.W.H., E. Aparicio
